Laser cooling and trapping

Harold J. Metcalf

at 250 WPM

5h 23m

The average reader, reading at a speed of 250 WPM, would take 5h 23m to read Laser cooling and trapping.

Personalise your estimate by entering your reading speed below

Test my reading speed

11

days at 30 min/day

323

total minutes

Buy on Amazon

Laser cooling and trapping

by Harold J. Metcalf

1999

Springer

323

0387987479

Description

"Laser cooling allows one to slow atoms to roughly the speed of a mosquito and to control their motion with unprecedented precision. This elegant technique, whereby atoms, molecules, and even microscopic beads of glass can be trapped in small regions of free space by beams of light and subsequently moved at will using other beams, has revolutionized many areas of physics. In particular, it provides a useful research tool for the study of individual atoms, for investigating the details of chemical reactions, and even for the study of atomic motion in the quantum domain."--BOOK JACKET. "The book is intended for advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students who have some basic knowledge of optics and quantum mechanics."--BOOK JACKET.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many pages are in Laser cooling and trapping?

This edition of Laser cooling and trapping has approximately 323 pages. Please note, this is an estimate and the exact page count can vary between hardcover, paperback, and e-book versions.

How long does it take to read Laser cooling and trapping?

For most readers, Laser cooling and trapping typically takes between 6h 44m and 4h 29m to complete. This is based on the book's length of approximately 80,750 words and common reading speeds.

Here's a detailed breakdown: • Continuous reading at 250 WPM: approximately 5h 23m of focused reading • Casual reading (30 minutes/day): you could finish in roughly 11 days • Estimated word count: 80,750 words

Your individual reading time will vary based on your personal reading pace, the amount of daily reading time, and your familiarity with the subject matter.

What is the word count of Laser cooling and trapping?

The estimated word count for Laser cooling and trapping is approximately 80,750 words. This figure is calculated using industry-standard methods that consider genre-specific word density patterns, typical formatting and layout characteristics, and standard words-per-page ratios for published books.

This is an approximation — actual word count may vary based on font size, formatting, edition, and the presence of illustrations or charts.

Who is the author of Laser cooling and trapping?

Laser cooling and trapping was written by Harold J. Metcalf.

When was Laser cooling and trapping published?

The publication date for this specific edition is 1999. The original work may have been published on a different date.