Impure science
Bell, Robert
Reading Time
at 250 WPM5h 1m
The average reader, reading at a speed of 250 WPM, would take 5h 1m to read Impure science.
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11
days at 30 min/day
301
total minutes
Impure science
by Bell, Robert
Published
1992
Publisher
Wiley
Pages
301
ISBN-10
0471529133
Description
How the pursuit of money and recognition has helped to compromise and corrupt scientific research in America ... Evidence of scientific fraud has splashed across the front pages of the nations newspapers and magazines in recent months, from stories of doctored data in what has become known as the Baltimore case, to Stanford University president Donald Kennedy's alleged misuse of university funds, and his subsequent resignation. In Impure Science, Robert Bell removes the veil of secrecy from the entire process of how science is funded in the United States, and shows why data manipulation and political influence increasingly become part of the scientific landscape. With more scientists scrambling after fewer research dollars, the pressure on scientists to justify their research with notable results encourages some to alter their research or overstate their results. In case after case, from the halls of the National Science Foundation to the backrooms of Congress, from private corporations to public universities, Dr. Bell provides detailed examples of scientific research gone awry. Culled from whistle-blowing investigations and inside sources, Impure Science shows how science funding is influenced by porkbarrel politics within science organizations; how scientists, eager to cash in on "breakthrough" discoveries, begin manufacturing and developing the fruits of their discoveries before the results have been substantiated; and how, as in the Baltimore case, some scientists go so far as to alter data when it does not support the conclusions they had hoped to find. The most disturbing aspect of Dr. Bell's investigation, however, is the fact that scientific institutions are often more interested in covering up fraud, than exposing or addressing it. For all those interested in the pursuit of scientific truth, Impure Science offers a sobering--and necessary--reevaluation.
Subjects
Frequently Asked Questions
How many pages are in Impure science?
This edition of Impure science has approximately 301 pages. Please note, this is an estimate and the exact page count can vary between hardcover, paperback, and e-book versions.
How long does it take to read Impure science?
For most readers, Impure science typically takes between 6h 16m and 4h 11m to complete. This is based on the book's length of approximately 75,250 words and common reading speeds.
Here's a detailed breakdown: • Continuous reading at 250 WPM: approximately 5h 1m of focused reading • Casual reading (30 minutes/day): you could finish in roughly 11 days • Estimated word count: 75,250 words
Your individual reading time will vary based on your personal reading pace, the amount of daily reading time, and your familiarity with the subject matter.
What is the word count of Impure science?
The estimated word count for Impure science is approximately 75,250 words. This figure is calculated using industry-standard methods that consider genre-specific word density patterns, typical formatting and layout characteristics, and standard words-per-page ratios for published books.
This is an approximation — actual word count may vary based on font size, formatting, edition, and the presence of illustrations or charts.
Who is the author of Impure science?
Impure science was written by Bell, Robert.
When was Impure science published?
The publication date for this specific edition is 1992. The original work may have been published on a different date.