Bracero Railroaders
Erasmo Gamboa
Reading Time
at 250 WPM4h 8m
The average reader, reading at a speed of 250 WPM, would take 4h 8m to read Bracero Railroaders.
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9
days at 30 min/day
248
total minutes
Bracero Railroaders
Published
2016
Publisher
University of Washington Press
Pages
248
ISBN-13
9780295998312
Description
Desperate for laborers to keep the trains moving during World War II, the U.S. and Mexican governments created a now mostly forgotten bracero railroad program that sent a hundred thousand Mexican workers across the border to build and maintain railroad lines throughout the United States, particularly the West. Although both governments promised the workers adequate living arrangements and fair working conditions, most bracero railroaders lived in squalor, worked dangerous jobs, and were subject to harsh racial discrimination. Making matters worse, the governments held a percentage of the workers' earnings in a savings and retirement program that supposedly would await the men on their return to Mexico. However, rampant corruption within both the railroad companies and the Mexican banks meant that most workers were unable to collect what was rightfully theirs. Historian Erasmo Gamboa recounts the difficult conditions, systemic racism, and decades-long quest for justice these men faced. The result is a pathbreaking examination that deepens our understanding of Mexican American, immigration, and labor histories in the twentieth-century U.S. West.
Subjects
Frequently Asked Questions
How many pages are in Bracero Railroaders?
This edition of Bracero Railroaders has approximately 248 pages. Please note, this is an estimate and the exact page count can vary between hardcover, paperback, and e-book versions.
How long does it take to read Bracero Railroaders?
For most readers, Bracero Railroaders typically takes between 5h 10m and 3h 27m to complete. This is based on the book's length of approximately 62,000 words and common reading speeds.
Here's a detailed breakdown: • Continuous reading at 250 WPM: approximately 4h 8m of focused reading • Casual reading (30 minutes/day): you could finish in roughly 9 days • Estimated word count: 62,000 words
Your individual reading time will vary based on your personal reading pace, the amount of daily reading time, and your familiarity with the subject matter.
What is the word count of Bracero Railroaders?
The estimated word count for Bracero Railroaders is approximately 62,000 words. This figure is calculated using industry-standard methods that consider genre-specific word density patterns, typical formatting and layout characteristics, and standard words-per-page ratios for published books.
This is an approximation — actual word count may vary based on font size, formatting, edition, and the presence of illustrations or charts.
Who is the author of Bracero Railroaders?
Bracero Railroaders was written by Erasmo Gamboa.
When was Bracero Railroaders published?
The publication date for this specific edition is 2016. The original work may have been published on a different date.